Don's Home Health Cause of Death Cancer Prostate Glossary

Glossary

• Androgen - male hormones - The main androgens in the body are testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT).
• Androgen suppression, also known as testosterone suppression, is a medical treatment to suppress or block the production or action of male sex hormones,
• ADT - Androgen Deprivation Therapy| Heathline
  
• APA - Apalutamide (Erleada®) is a type of hormone therapy used to treat prostate cancer.| Prostrate Cancer UK Prostate cancer cells usually need the hormone testosterone to grow. Apalutamide works by blocking the effect of testosterone on prostate cancer cells.
• Androgen Suppression
• biopsy Removal of tiny tissue samples from the prostate gland to be examined for cancer cells by a pathologist.

  Modern techniques frequently utilize MRI-ultrasound fusion imaging to guide the needle precisely to suspicious areas, significantly improving detection accuracy compared to older "blind" systematic sampling.
  -

• Gleason Score -
  Biopsy sells are examined under a microscope and 2 scores are assigned, based on how closely cells resemble norman prostate tissue. 1 for the most predominant pattern and another for the 2nd most predominant pattern.
  A grade of 1-5 is assigned for each group and added together for a total score.
  
  Survival:
  
  • Grade Group 2 (Gleason 3+4): 2% risk of lethal disease at 10 years, rising to 5% at 25 years.
  • Grade Group 5 (Gleason 9-10): 21% risk at 10 years, increasing to 32% at 25 years.
• GUNS- Genomic Biomarker-Selected Umbrella Neoadjuvant Study for High Risk Localized Prostate Cancer
• href="https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/prostate-cancer/treating/hormone-therapy.html" TARGET="_blank">Hormone Therapy for Prostate Cancer| American Cancer Society
• LHRH agonists - Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (also called LHRH analogs or GnRH (Gonadatropin Releasing Hormone) agonists) are drugs that lower the amount of testosterone made by the testicles.
• MRD - minimal residual disease
• NGS Next Generation Sequencing
• PSA - Prostate-Specific Antigen - Blood test
• Tempus Tempus is an independent lab the researchers contracted to do the genetic testing. They use the results to see which therapy study participants are eligible to receive. From what I can tell, the study is designed to test if genetically targeted therapy (choosing drugs based on the patient's and/or tumor's genetics) improves outcomes.
  Ambry is a tempus company
• Tumor Board - Tumor boards are recognized by the American College of Surgeons Commission on Cancer as an essential component of excellence in cancer care. They bring together a range of medical disciplines to discuss how to best care for a patient with cancer.
  Using state-of-the-art technology, teams of specialists from UC Davis Cancer Care Network and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center meet in video conferences called "virtual tumor boards" to share medical information and collaborate on treatment options.