The CDC Emergency Preparedness and Response breaks public health Emergencies into:

• 2 body/hand warmers/person
• ponchos
• 2 light sticks/person
• 1 flashlights with batteries/person
• 1 AM/FM radio with batteries
• 2 storage cylinders
• 1 multi-function knife
• 1 box of waterproof matches
• 1 two-gallon collapsible water jug
• 2 dust masks
• 1 pair leather palm gloves
• 1 5' x 7' tarpaulin
• 1 50-foot rope
• 1 pry bar

• One gallon of wate/person/day
  (20 emergency drinking water pouches)
• Enough food for three days
• Extra set of clothes and sturdy shoes
• Blankets or sleeping bags
  and/or emergency survival blankets
• First aid kit
• 2 Whistles
• Items for entertainment: deck of cards, books, etc.

• Hygiene pack (pocket tissue packets, towelette wipes, bio-hazard waste bags, toothpaste, toothbrushes, etc.)
• First aid pack (compress, dressings/pads, bandages, first aid guide, gloves, scissors, tweezers, aspirin, antibiotic ointments, first aid tape, finger splints, and more)
• Three-day supply of needed prescription medications, including eyeglasses for each family member
• Extra supplies for special needs family members, like infants (diapers, etc.), and older adults (hearing aid, cane, etc.)

Glossary

State and Local Government:
New York State Emergency Preparedness and Response
California Office of Emergency Services
Emergency Contacts in the Lake Tahoe Area.
Preparedness Information and Resources at King County Washington
New Jersey Office of Emergency Management
Somerset Co., NJ - Emergency - Preparedness
  and Public Health Emergency Preparedness and Response

Misc:
Death Toll from Disasters, War & Accidents