Colors

Intro

Some monitors and pc cards still only support 8 bit (256) colors. (While the VGA standard only requires 16 colors, most of the old PC's which only supported 16 colors have been retired, but to be sure you can limit yourself to the 16 standard colors.) The colors are not fixed, so any application can establish a palette with any set of 256 colors and and set a pixel to one of these colors with an 8-bit number pointing to an entry in the palette. This palette applies to the whole screen while this application is active, which is why you may see the colors in one application change when another application is made active.

Some browsers limit the number of colors per image to something less than 256, but the color count is cumulative so for example if you had a color driver/card that supported 256 colors you would reach the limit with 5 gif's using 50 different colors each. By using colors from the same palette in each gif you can have more images. Fonts, buttons, background ... colors used by windows are included in the count.

In general the fewer number of colors you use to get the desired quality the better. Since gif images include the color palette as part of the image, limiting the colors will also limit the size of the gif and avoid excessive download delays.

Other applications can change the Windows color map affecting what you see in your browser window. Maximizing the browser window to cover the whole screen may solve this problem.

If you select a color that is not one of the standard ones some browsers will dither the image (See Images under General Preferences in Netscape). This will mix several colors to try and match the desired color but will take longer, so it is better to use one of the standard colors.

When using a graphics package to create images you may have to load the correct color palette to get colors you want. Even though your system is set to support 64K colors a given application may only have a 256 color palette it can work with. The better graphics programs allow you to change the default color palette.

Recommended Colors:

Netscape Color Cube:

On 8 bit color computers Netscape will use a color palette determined by selecting n equally spaced values for each color in the RGB (Red, Green Blue) color space where n is the max. value such that n^3 < 256 (2^8) => n=6. So they use 0% (00), 20% (\x33,51), 40% (\x66,102), 60% (\x99,153), 80% (\xCC,204) and 100% (\xFF,255) where \x00,\x33, ... represent the Hex (base 16) values, 00, 33, ... from the decimal range 0 to 255.

Note: If you select Colors from the General Preferences dialog in the Options menu on Netscape 3 you will get the 48 color palette shown in the Windows colors section below. This comes from the windows color manager and is different from the Netscape palette below. Confused yet?

Following is a color cube representing the resulting 6 * 6 * 6 = 216 colors.

Other 216 coler lists at the right side of the Netscape page and here.

Netscape on UNIX may use a 5 value 5 * 5 * 5 = 125 color cube depending on the verson of netscape and other colors in use at the time. There is an example of it at http://kbs.cs.tu-berlin.de/~jutta/ht/cgrid.html

See: color palette at Web Reference.

From Netscape Navigator Gold Page Wizard:

Page Wizard recommends a subset of the 6*6*6 palette above for backgrounds and text. Basic colors:


Color Combinations:

From Windows Color Palette:

16 Basic colors:

In addition to the 216 web safe colors.  HTML specifications also recognizes the following 16 colors, and they are also considered web safe.  These colors are originally used as the standard EGA color palette. 
These are the 16 colors Windows uses for caption bars, buttons, text, etc. Most application will reqire these. You may need Netscape 3.0 to view these.
Most browsers let you identify these colors by name for fonts and backgrounds.
Note: Netscape supports all the color names defined in the X Window System. Internet Explorer only supports the following 16 colors
Color Names: Netscape/MS Internet Explorer; (RGB Hex values)
black
(000000)
silver*
(C0C0C0)
gray
(808080)
white
(FFFFFF)
maroon
(800000)
red
(FF0000)
purple
(800080)
magenta/
fuchsia
(FF00FF)
green
(008000)
lime*
(00FF00)
olive*
(808000)
yellow
(FFFF00)
navy
(000080)
blue
(0000FF)
teal*
(008080)
cyan/aqua
(00FFFF)
Text and background colors from Internet Explorer (gif image)

Other Colors orange
w3.org color keywords

* Not an X Window System Color, but supported by Netscape for compatibility.

Basic 48 (From windows color palette):

May need Netscape 3 to view.
Includes 16 above.
FF8080 FFFFE8 FFFAF0 00FF80 80FFFF 0080FF FF80C0 FF80FF
FF0000 FFFF80 80FF00 CODCC0 00FFFF A4C8F0 8080C0 FF00FF
804040 FFFF00 00FF00 008080 004080 8080FF 800040 FF0080
800000 FF8000 008000 008040 0000FF 000040 800080 8000FF
400000 804000 004000 004040 000080 A0A0A0 400040 400080
000000 808000 808040 808080 408080 C0C0C0 400040 FFFFFF
Same as above, but a gif image.

Windows .ico color pallet:


colormap
HTML Color Picker w3schools.com
 

Or Enter a Color:

Wrong Input

Or Use HTML5:



Macintosh Color Palette:

The default 256 color palette for the Macintosh is the same as the Netscape palette (combinations of 20%, 40%, ....) for 216 colors
and pure colors (Red only, Green only) broken into 6.66% increments
e.g. 6.67% red (110000), 13.3% (220000), ... 93% (EE0000) and the
grays broken down in the same way (111111), (222222).

Hex values for RGB colors:

RGB Values: Decimal, Hex, %
DecHex%DecHex%
513320200C878
644025204CC80
1026640220DC86
1288050232E891
1539960240F094
160A063251FA98
164A464255FF100
191BF75 (BF = 74.90%)
192C075 (C0 = 75.29%)

Background Color:

People are now starting to get away form the old gray background that started with NCSA Mosaic. Although the standard setting when you install most browsers is still gray. If you look at the preferences in Netscape 3 on Windows it considers gray a custom color (even though that is the initial value when you install it). Selecting default sets it white. Selecting Default in Netscape 3 on a Macintosh set it to gray.

Some people recommend a light yellow (FFFFCC or FFFF99) for a background.

CSS3 Color Module 2003 Recomendation

Source: w3.org/TR/css3-color/#sample

Color NameHex RGBDecimalHSLSample
Black#0000000,0,00deg,0%,0% 
DimGray#696969105,105,1050deg,0%,41% 
Gray#808080128,128,1280deg,0%,50% 
DarkGray#A9A9A9169,169,1690deg,0%,66% 
Silver#C0C0C0192,192,1920deg,0%,75% 
LightGrey#D3D3D3211,211,2110deg,0%,83% 
Gainsboro#DCDCDC220,220,2200deg,0%,86% 
WhiteSmoke#F5F5F5245,245,2450deg,0%,96% 
White#FFFFFF255,255,2550deg,0%,100% 
Snow#FFFAFA255,250,2500deg,2%,100% 
RosyBrown#BC8F8F188,143,1430deg,24%,74% 
BurlyWood#DEB887222,184,1350deg,39%,87% 
LightCoral#F08080240,128,1280deg,47%,94% 
IndianRed#CD5C5C205,92,920deg,55%,80% 
Brown#A52A2A165,42,420deg,75%,65% 
FireBrick#B22222178,34,340deg,81%,70% 
Maroon#800000128,0,00deg,100%,50% 
DarkRed#8B0000139,0,00deg,100%,55% 
Red#FF0000255,0,00deg,100%,100% 
MistyRose#FFE4E1255,228,2256deg,12%,100% 
Salmon#FA8072250,128,1146deg,54%,98% 
Tomato#FF6347255,99,719deg,72%,100% 
DarkSalmon#E9967A233,150,12215deg,48%,91% 
Coral#FF7F50255,127,8016deg,69%,100% 
OrangeRed#FF4500255,69,016deg,100%,100% 
LightSalmon#FFA07A255,160,12217deg,52%,100% 
Sienna#A0522D160,82,4519deg,72%,63% 
Seashell#FFF5EE255,245,23825deg,7%,100% 
SaddleBrown#8B4513139,69,1925deg,86%,55% 
Chocolate#D2691E210,105,3025deg,86%,82% 
PeachPuff#FFDAB9255,218,18528deg,27%,100% 
SandyBrown#F4A460244,164,9628deg,61%,96% 
Linen#FAF0E6250,240,23030deg,8%,98% 
Peru#CD853F205,133,6330deg,69%,80% 
Bisque#FFE4C4255,228,19633deg,23%,100% 
DarkOrange#FF8C00255,140,033deg,100%,100% 
AntiqueWhite#FAEBD7250,235,21534deg,14%,98% 
Tan#D2B48C210,180,14034deg,33%,82% 
BlanchedAlmond#FFEBCD255,235,20536deg,20%,100% 
NavajoWhite#FFDEAD255,222,17336deg,32%,100% 
PapayaWhip#FFEFD5255,239,21337deg,16%,100% 
Moccasin#FFE4B5255,228,18138deg,29%,100% 
OldLace#FDF5E6253,245,23039deg,9%,99% 
Wheat#F5DEB3245,222,17939deg,27%,96% 
Orange#FFA500255,165,039deg,100%,100% 
FloralWhite#FFFAF0255,250,24040deg,6%,100% 
Goldenrod#DAA520218,165,3243deg,85%,85% 
DarkGoldenrod#B8860B184,134,1143deg,94%,72% 
Cornsilk#FFF8DC255,248,22048deg,14%,100% 
Gold#FFD700255,215,051deg,100%,100% 
LemonChiffon#FFFACD255,250,20554deg,20%,100% 
Khaki#F0E68C240,230,14054deg,42%,94% 
PaleGoldenrod#EEE8AA238,232,17055deg,29%,93% 
DarkKhaki#BDB76B189,183,10756deg,43%,74% 
Ivory#FFFFF0255,255,24060deg,6%,100% 
Beige#F5F5DC245,245,22060deg,10%,96% 
LightYellow#FFFFE0255,255,22460deg,12%,100% 
LightGoldenrodYellow#FAFAD2250,250,21060deg,16%,98% 
Olive#808000128,128,060deg,100%,50% 
Yellow#FFFF00255,255,060deg,100%,100% 
OliveDrab#6B8E23107,142,3580deg,75%,56% 
YellowGreen#9ACD32154,205,5080deg,76%,80% 
DarkOliveGreen#556B2F85,107,4782deg,56%,42% 
GreenYellow#ADFF2F173,255,4784deg,82%,100% 
LawnGreen#7CFC00124,252,090deg,100%,99% 
Chartreuse#7FFF00127,255,090deg,100%,100% 
Honeydew#F0FFF0240,255,240120deg,6%,100% 
DarkSeaGreen#8FBC8F143,188,143120deg,24%,74% 
LightGreen#90EE90144,238,144120deg,39%,93% 
PaleGreen#98FB98152,251,152120deg,39%,98% 
ForestGreen#228B2234,139,34120deg,76%,55% 
LimeGreen#32CD3250,205,50120deg,76%,80% 
DarkGreen#0064000,100,0120deg,100%,39% 
Green#0080000,128,0120deg,100%,50% 
Lime#00FF000,255,0120deg,100%,100% 
SeaGreen#2E8B5746,139,87146deg,67%,55% 
MediumSeaGreen#3CB37160,179,113147deg,66%,70% 
MintCream#F5FFFA245,255,250150deg,4%,100% 
SpringGreen#00FF7F0,255,127150deg,100%,100% 
MediumSpringGreen#00FA9A0,250,154157deg,100%,98% 
MediumAquamarine#66CDAA102,205,170160deg,50%,80% 
Aquamarine#7FFFD4127,255,212160deg,50%,100% 
Turquoise#40E0D064,224,208174deg,71%,88% 
LightSeaGreen#20B2AA32,178,170177deg,82%,70% 
MediumTurquoise#48D1CC72,209,204178deg,66%,82% 
Azure#F0FFFF240,255,255180deg,6%,100% 
LightCyan#E0FFFF224,255,255180deg,12%,100% 
PaleTurquoise#AFEEEE175,238,238180deg,26%,93% 
DarkCyan#008B8B0,139,139180deg,100%,55% 
Aqua#00FFFF0,255,255180deg,100%,100% 
Cyan#00FFFF0,255,255180deg,100%,100% 
DarkSlateGray#2F4F4F47,79,79180deg,41%,31% 
Teal#0080800,128,128180deg,100%,50% 
DarkTurquoise#00CED10,206,209181deg,100%,82% 
CadetBlue#5F9EA095,158,160182deg,41%,63% 
PowderBlue#B0E0E6176,224,230187deg,23%,90% 
LightBlue#ADD8E6173,216,230195deg,25%,90% 
DeepSkyBlue#00BFFF0,191,255195deg,100%,100% 
SkyBlue#87CEEB135,206,235197deg,43%,92% 
LightSkyBlue#87CEFA135,206,250203deg,46%,98% 
SteelBlue#4682B470,130,180207deg,61%,71% 
AliceBlue#F0F8FF240,248,255208deg,6%,100% 
SlateGray#708090112,128,144210deg,22%,56% 
LightSlateGray#778899119,136,153210deg,22%,60% 
DodgerBlue#1E90FF30,144,255210deg,88%,100% 
LightSteelBlue#B0C4DE176,196,222214deg,21%,87% 
CornflowerBlue#6495ED100,149,237219deg,58%,93% 
RoyalBlue#4169E165,105,225225deg,71%,88% 
GhostWhite#F8F8FF248,248,255240deg,3%,100% 
Lavender#E6E6FA230,230,250240deg,8%,98% 
MidnightBlue#19197025,25,112240deg,78%,44% 
Navy#0000800,0,128240deg,100%,50% 
DarkBlue#00008B0,0,139240deg,100%,55% 
MediumBlue#0000CD0,0,205240deg,100%,80% 
Blue#0000FF0,0,255240deg,100%,100% 
DarkSlateBlue#483D8B72,61,139248deg,56%,55% 
SlateBlue#6A5ACD106,90,205248deg,56%,80% 
MediumSlateBlue#7B68EE123,104,238249deg,56%,93% 
MediumPurple#9370DB147,112,219260deg,49%,86% 
BlueViolet#8A2BE2138,43,226271deg,81%,89% 
Indigo#4B008275,0,130275deg,100%,51% 
DarkOrchid#9932CC153,50,204280deg,75%,80% 
DarkViolet#9400D3148,0,211282deg,100%,83% 
MediumOrchid#BA55D3186,85,211288deg,60%,83% 
Thistle#D8BFD8216,191,216300deg,12%,85% 
Plum#DDA0DD221,160,221300deg,28%,87% 
Violet#EE82EE238,130,238300deg,45%,93% 
Purple#800080128,0,128300deg,100%,50% 
DarkMagenta#8B008B139,0,139300deg,100%,55% 
Magenta#FF00FF255,0,255300deg,100%,100% 
Fuchsia#FF00FF255,0,255300deg,100%,100% 
Orchid#DA70D6218,112,214302deg,49%,85% 
MediumVioletRed#C71585199,21,133322deg,89%,278% 
DeepPink#FF1493255,20,147328deg,92%,100% 
HotPink#FF69B4255,105,180330deg,59%,100% 
LavenderBlush#FFF0F5255,240,245340deg,6%,100% 
PaleVioletRed#DB7093219,112,147340deg,49%,86% 
Crimson#DC143C220,20,60348deg,91%,86% 
Pink#FFC0CB255,192,203350deg,25%,100% 
LightPink#FFB6C1255,182,193351deg,29%,100% 

Links to other Pages about color

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