From mcbride@cc.bellcore.com (mcbride,donald t)
To: mosaic-users@cc.bellcore.com
Date: 28 Sep 1994   7:55 EDT
Subject: file name extensions

  Mosaic comes with some standard mappings of file name extensions/suffixes
(e.g. .txt) to MIME types (e.g. text/plain) and from MIME types to 
Applications/helpers/viewers (e.g. MS Word). These work for 99% of 
the documents I've seen on the internet, but we have a need here to 
have documents on ftp & Desktop servers accessable directly from
applications or from Mosaic.
So we need some standard suffixes and formats for applications such 
as Word , Excel and FrameMaker.  There are options for specifying the 
suffix to mime/type in the server as well as the application.
In one case we had to configure it in both places to get it to work. 
I'am not sure why; If anyone knows, I'd like to find out.
  We'd like to come up with some recommended standards for these
applications and couldn't find any recomendations on the Internet.
  Being a Mac user for the last few years I'am not familiar with
the standards used in the DOS world where file name extensions are 
used.
     
  Some suffixes I've seen here are:
     
.doc  - MS Word (We may need 2 types e.g. doc - Word for Windows
        and mcw - word for Mac, because the Mac must associate not 
        only the program but the document type with the suffix. 
        rtf may be a better way to exchange word documents.)
.rtf  - Rich Text Format (MS Word and others) 
.fm   - FrameMaker (this conflicts with FileMaker Pro. see below)
.mif  - Maker Interchange Format (FrameMaker) 
.xls  - Excel 
.SLK  - (SYLK) WingZ / Excel / Lotus (old MultiPlan format) 
.wks  - Lotus / Excel
.wk1  - Lotus / Excel
.dvi  - Device Independent (TeX)
     
There are a bunch of Image formats such as PCX, PIC, PICT, DXF, BMP, 
.., but there are programs to convert these to GIF or one of the 
other standard Web formats, so they may not be needed)
     
  We' appreciate any advice you can offer.
  We'd like to keep the list to a small number of agreed on formats
to improve common access to these documents; of course anyone can 
configure their application as needed to extend the basic list.
     
_____________________________________________
From: "rdb1" <rdb1@itc.cc.bellcore.com>
     
     Don,
     
     The DOS extension for FrameMaker v4.0 is now *.frm. The old *.fm, 
     conflicted with FileMaker Pro. Other Excel extension include *.xlc (chart) 
     *.xlt (templete) and *.xlw (workbook).
     
     ----
     Rob
______________________________ 

From: danaf@futuresite.bellcore.com (Dana Fagerstrom)

Don,

I've been digging thru the MIME source and RFCs and can't find anything that
might help you in defining HTTP file extensions.  They really only describe
context types - since the MIME body-parts are all contained in a single 
message/file.

I'd recommend that you query the industry, not just Bellcore, on these file
extensions.  One good start would be the Mosaic folks, those that are left,
at NCSA...

Let me know if you need anything else from me.

Dana
______________________________ 

From: gcp@bellcore.com (Gardner Patton,MRE 2M337,4988,,21253)

Don,

Some suffixs I've seen on Sun and they would carry over to DOS.

.wkz  for Wingz spreadsheet from Informics which was a Bellcore standard
.dif  a general spreadsheet format known by most spreadsheet packages.

Gardner
___________________________________________________

From: gcp@bellcore.com (Gardner Patton,MRE 2M337,4988,,21253)

Don,

Wingz saves as: .dif .slk .wks .wk1 .txt .wkz 

with .wkz being the Wingz format.  .wks and .wk1 are lotus formats and .txt
is just a flat file of one text line per row of the chart.

Gardner

______________________________ 

From: "shh" <shh@itc.cc.bellcore.com>

Here are some additional suggestions for extensions to consider:

.ppt - for Microsoft Powerpoint
.frm - another extension used for Framemaker

.xls is used here for Microsoft Excel

Steve Holanov

___________________________________________________

From: rwd (davis,robert w)

You might add to the list .sgml (.sgm) if Bellcore
wants to post documents in generic SGML formats.

I think Bellcore is the keeper of MIME information.
Check out what they have to say about it.

RWD
___________________________________________________

>From: mcbride (mcbride,donald t)
>To: taichi!rwd
>
>Bob,
> Thanks.  I was going to send a copy to Nat Borenstein (Mr. MIME)
>but apparently he's no longer with Bellcore.  Some one pointed me
>to a mail list "info-metamail@thumper.bellcore.com", so I'll try
>that.
>			Don
___________________________________________________

From: rwd (davis,robert w)
To: moscow!mcbride

On the Bellcore  external home page is a pointer to 

ftp://thumper.bellcore.com/pub/nsb

as a MIME information repository.

RWD

___________________________________________________

From: Kurt Allen Gluck <kurt@bae.bellcore.com>
To: mosaic-users@cc.bellcore.com, mcbride@cc.bellcore.com

If you are going to go through the trouble of
figgureing out how to do this. Please document the
process in an email.  My problem is that .gz is
not standard, yet the net is full of .gz (gnu-compress)
files.

How do I get it so that mosaic can unpack them?

	-kurt
___________________________________________________

From: ekim@nyquist.bellcore.com (Michael Mills 21728)

> 
>   There are options for specifying the
> suffix to mime/type in the server as well as the application.
> In one case we had to configure it in both places to get it to work.
> I'am not sure why; If anyone knows, I'd like to find out.

I recently had the same problem.  I thought the .mime-types file would take
care of it.  I think that the reason that the server may need to be changed
is that the server changes the file name.  For example if I have a file
called: image.nv on the server the server may send the file as
mosaictmp12312.csh or something.  If I put:
video/x-nv                     nv
in the server mime-types file then it sends:

mosaictmp12312.nv

which is what is expected.  If there is a way to tell the server to preserve
extensions - that may help.  


I also noticed that if I have a couple of extensions:
video/x-nv                     nv vat wb 
that the server seems to pick the 1st (or last) one - reguardless of the
file extension on the server.

Mike

___________________________________________________
From: rruxls!mph (M. Paul Hawes)

A group I am connected to uses the following on its FTP server:

   txt    A pure (ASCII) text file.
   psx    A Postscript file for postscript printers.
          The optional x indicates the level of Postscript required.
   wpn    (e.g., wp5)  A WordPerfect file, version n.x
   wdn    A Microsoft Word file, version n.x

Paul Hawes
___________________________________________________
From: ketchum@bellcore.com (Dan Ketchum)
To: mcbride@cc.bellcore.com
Subject: Re: file name extensions

Don,

I work on the SuperBook project, and my group has been working on cooperation
between Mosaic and SuperBook - essentially having Mosaic launch the SuperBook
Browser when appropriate for a url found in Mosaic.  IN developing this
capability, we have been using the .xsb file suffix in our url to let Mosaic
know to launch the local SuperBook browser.  (And FYI: I also had to make
a change in both the httpd server configuration as well as the local .mailcap
before this would work.)

If possible, we would like to keep the ".xsb" file extension as a "SuperBook
launcher" for Mosaic.  If this extension is not already claimed, I would
like to register it with you. 

___________________________________________________
From: mcbride (mcbride,donald t)
To: IANA@isi.edu
Cc: httpd@ncsa.uiuc.edu, nsb@nsb.fv.com
Date: 30 Sep 1994  13:47 EDT
Subject: New MIME types

  We'd like to set up some standard MIME types for documents we
are accessing on HTTP/Mosaic servers here.  I've looked around
at some of the documents on the ISI server and the ftp files here and can't
find any listings of new MIME types.  Since Nat Borenstein left us
I'am not sure who to ask.  What is the best way to find if values below
are consistent with what other people are using?
  Any help you can provide would be greatly appreciated.

                        Don (908) 699-5584
___________________________________________________
Date: Wed, 19 Oct 1994 12:14:48 -0400
From: dfp@pekoe.ims.bellcore.com (Don Pratt)
Subject: re: Converting Frame to Word in

Don: your list of extensions is fine with me. Quite a few GR people use
FileMaker Pro, which registers the extension .fm in Windows, so we've
recommended .fm3 for Frame 3 and .frm (which FrameMaker registers) for
Frame 4 files (Frame 3 can't open Frame 4 files).
Don.

___________________________________________________
Subject: Re: file name extensions
Date: Wed, 05 Oct 1994 10:14:28 -0400
From: Norman Ramsey <norman@bellcore.com>

I'd really like to see .dvi (TeX output) on the `offically approved' list.

Norman
___________________________________________________
From: mcbride
Subject: add .dvi (TeX) to list
Norman,
  I don't know that this is really an `offically approved' list,
it's more of a recommended list. dvi is  already in the default
list that comes with the server and we don't plan to delete any
of those entries. May be I can add it to the list and categorize
the types by how accesible the viewer/applications are.
                        Don
___________________________________________________
Date: Thu, 06 Oct 1994 11:19:24 -0400
From: Norman Ramsey <norman@bellcore.com>

>   I recall seing a Mac TeX package somewhere.  Do you know if
> there are any public domain TeX viewers for Mac and MS Windows?

For windows, definitely yes.  Probably for mac also, but I don't know.
The comp.text.tex FAQ would have answers.

>   What are the advantages of TeX/dvi?

Minor advantage is it's a de facto standard in many academic &
reserach communities, including computing, mathematics, physics.  This
isn't too relevant since dvi->postscript is pretty easy.  The real
promise in my mind is in some of the hypertext-extended TeX viewers,
like xhdvi.  This technology could provide many of the advantages of
Mosaic without the badly broken document formatter.

Norman
___________________________________________________

From: jkrey@ISI.EDU
To: mcbride@cc.bellcore.com
Subject: Re: New MIME types
Cc: iana@ISI.EDU

Media Types

The current MIME types or "media types" are listed in a directory on
the computer FTP.ISI.EDU in the directory "in-notes/media-types".

--jon.

           |
           |             |-application-
|-in-notes-|             |-audio-------
           |             |-image-------
           |-media-types-|-message-----
           |             |-multipart---
           |             |-text--------
           |             |-video-------

venera 269% v media-types/*
   3 -rw-r--r--  1    2471 Jan 11 09:45 media-types/mime-types

media-types/application:
total 109
   2 -rw-r--r--  1         1192 Jan 11 09:45 activemessage
   2 -rw-r--r--  1         1041 Jan 11 09:45 andrew-inset
  20 -rw-r--r--  1        20050 Jan 11 09:45 applefile
   4 -rw-r--r--  1         3549 Jan 11 09:45 atomicmail
   2 -rw-r--r--  1         1532 Jan 11 09:45 dca-rft
   2 -rw-r--r--  1         1532 Jan 11 09:45 dec-dx
  20 -rw-r--r--  1        20050 Jan 11 09:45 mac-binhex40
   2 -rw-r--r--  1         1873 Jan 11 09:45 macwriteii
   2 -rw-r--r--  1         1866 Jan 11 09:45 msword
   1 -rw-r--r--  1          640 Jan 11 09:45 news-message-id
   2 -rw-r--r--  1         1163 Jan 11 09:45 news-transmission
   1 -rw-r--r--  1           15 Jan 11 09:45 octet-stream
   1 -rw-r--r--  1           15 Jan 11 09:45 oda
   2 -rw-r--r--  1         1108 Jan 11 09:45 pdf
   1 -rw-r--r--  1           15 Jan 11 09:45 postscript
   1 -rw-r--r--  1          645 Jan 11 09:45 remote-printing
   2 -rw-r--r--  1         1344 Jan 11 09:45 rtf
   1 -rw-r--r--  1          975 Jan 11 09:45 slate
   2 -rw-r--r--  1         1532 Jan 11 09:45 wita
   2 -rw-r--r--  1         1163 Jan 11 09:45 wordperfect5.1
  37 -rw-r--r--  1        37671 Jan 11 09:45 zip

media-types/audio:
total 1
   1 -rw-r--r--  1           15 Jan 11 09:45 basic

media-types/image:
total 4
   1 -rw-r--r--  1           15 Jan 11 09:45 gif
   1 -rw-r--r--  1           15 Jan 11 09:45 ief
   1 -rw-r--r--  1           15 Jan 11 09:45 jpeg
   1 -rw-r--r--  1          807 Jan 11 09:45 tiff

media-types/message:
total 5
   1 -rw-r--r--  1           15 Jan 11 09:45 external-body
   2 -rw-r--r--  1         1213 Jan 11 09:45 news
   1 -rw-r--r--  1           15 Jan 11 09:45 partial
   1 -rw-r--r--  1           15 Jan 11 09:45 rfc822

media-types/multipart:
total 32
   1 -rw-r--r--  1           15 Jan 11 09:45 alternative
  20 -rw-r--r--  1        20050 Jan 11 09:45 appledouble
   1 -rw-r--r--  1           15 Jan 11 09:45 digest
   8 -rw-r--r--  1         7909 Jan 11 09:45 header-set
   1 -rw-r--r--  1           15 Jan 11 09:45 mixed
   1 -rw-r--r--  1           15 Jan 11 09:45 parallel

media-types/text:
total 4
   1 -rw-r--r--  1           15 Jan 11 09:45 plain
   1 -rw-r--r--  1           15 Jan 11 09:45 richtext
   2 -rw-r--r--  1         1553 Jan 11 09:45 tab-separated-values

media-types/video:
total 3
   1 -rw-r--r--  1           15 Jan 11 09:45 mpeg
   2 -rw-r--r--  1         1463 Jan 11 09:45 quicktime


===================================================

Recomended file name extensions to be added to the default HTTP/Mosaic
set to support on the Bellcore Internal HTTP/Mosaic server. 
 (These were selected because they seem to be a minimal common set for
standard Bellcore Applications)

Proposed additions to support Bellcore standards
application/msword	.doc	MS Word (Windows format)*
application/frame	.frm 	FrameMaker 
application/msexcel	.xls	MS Excel (spreadsheet)
application/msexcel	.xlc	MS Excel (chart)
application/sylk 	.slk	(.SYLK) Symbolic Link
				 WingZ/Excel/Lotus (old MultiPlan format)
appl.../mspowerpoint	.ppt	MS Powerpoint
application/superbook	.xsb,.sb Superbook
application/sgml    	.sgm	(.SGML) Standard Generalized Markup Language


Other Bellcore Standard Formats (already defined in HTTPD):
   (These may need to be added to your client)  
appl.../postscript	.ps	Postscript
appl.../rtf     	.rtf	Rich Text Format (MS Word and others)
text/html       	.html	HTML (HyperText Markup Language)
text/plain      	.txt	Text 
application/TeX	        .dvi  	Device Independent (TeX)

Note: MS Project was not included because it usually required multiple
files (e.g. a project and views)  which doesn't work with WWW browsers.
-------------------------------
Other Formats identified:
.fm3	FrameMaker 3 (Proposed as alternative to .fm used below)
.fm	FileMaker Pro  (was used for FrameMaker 3)
.mcw  	MS Word in Mac format
.mif  	Maker Interchange Format (FrameMaker)
.wri	Write format (MS Windows)
.mpp	MS Project
.mpv    MS Project view
.wks  	Lotus / Excel
.wk1  	Lotus / Excel
.ans	MS Word for Windows Text with Layout
.tx8	DOS Text
.csv	Comma-Separated Values (Excel)

.xlt  	Excel (template)
.xlw  	Excel (workbook)
.wkz  	for Wingz spreadsheet from Informics which
.dif  	Data Interchange Format - a general spreadsheet format
		 (old VisiCalc format) saves values only, not formulas.
.gz  	(gnu-compress)

============================================
