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last updated 7 Nov 2022

Contents: Overview | Installing a Home Charging station: | Circuit Breaker Table | Terms

Overview:

Charging Levels:
Level Circuit
/plug
Output *kW Mi/Hr (MPH)
of charge †
time for
Model 3
LR to 70%
Level 1 (120 volt) AC charging 20 amp 12 amps 1.4 kW 5 mph 40 hrs
Level 2 (240 volt) AC charging
NEMA 10-30
30 amp
24 amps 5.7 kW 22 mph 11 hrs
Wall Connector
40 amp
32 amps* 7.7 kW 30 mph 8.5 hrs
Wall Connector
50 amp
40 amps 9.6 kW 37 mph 7 hrs
Wall Connector
60 amps
48 amps 11.5 kW 44 mph 5 hrs
Level 3 (480 volt) DC fast charging Supercharger 300 amps 140 kW 320 mph <1 hr
* Limited to 32 Amps by the Universal Mobile Connector (UMC) Gen 2
Maximum charge rate for Model 3 Rear-Wheel Drive is 32A (7.7kW)
I don't know what the difference between the UMC and the corded mobile connector.

† MPH are for model 3 and Y. Model S and X are lower.
Source: Wall Connector | Tesla

The Model 3 Long Range (LR) has a 75 kWh battery pack and 325 mile range.
See others below.


Standard 240 V AC Plugs:
NEMA 10-30 - 30 AMP Common for clothes dryers
NEMA 14-50 - 50 AMP Common in RV parks and for electric ovens
NEMA 6-50 - 50 AMP Common for industrial use (e.g. welders and plasma cutters)
There are adapter cables for most electric vehicle connections.
The second generation Universal Mobile Connector (UMC) is limited to 32A to avoid overheating with a loose connection, and is sold with all Teslas now.
   

A 30 amp dryer circuit with a 10-30 plug charged at 24 amps for 22 MPH.
A Charge-Point station at Stanford West charged at 18 MPH.


Charging:


Charging is limited by:

  1. The circuit breaker in your home circuit breaker pannel for the circuit going to your Tesla charging port is determined by wire gauge (AWG).
    The tesla computer will determine maximum charge based on voltage drop when it starts up.
    Voltage drop is determined by wire gauge and length from your circuit breaker to car.
    Another high amperage circuit in your home (Air Conditioner, Stove, Clothes Dryer) can also cause voltage drop when they come on. This depends on the total capacity of your home's circuit breaker.

    If it detects a larger than normal voltage drop or an unexpected fluctuation in input power it will reduce the charging rate by 25% and the charging port light will blink orange. Discussions at https://teslamotorsclub.com indicated a 7 volt drop was acceptable.
    Another post said that a range of +/- 5% (12 volts) is OK. i.e. it can can drop to 228 V
    One post said it took 30 minutes for the light to blink.
    They also said that faulty wiring could cause lower charging rates.

    Voltages in my small 3 BR house at my dryer NEMA 10-30 (30 amp) outlet
      40 feet from the breaker panel were:
     Only lights on                 240-241 Volts
     HVAC fan and plug-in heater on 239-240
     Heat and stove on              238-239
     Stove and dryer (28 amp) on    234-235
       I still need to test with the Tesla charging.
       The reading at the end of the extension cable (25 ft) was the same.
    
  2. The On-board charger (OBC) capacity which varies by model.
  3. The type of connection: High Power Wall Connector HPWC or the Universal Mobile Connector (UMC) which comes with your car.
    All models now use the Corded Mobile Connector with a 32 Amp capacity to avoid overheating.

Installing a Home Charging station:
There are two basic options for 240v charging.
Type Max Amps
NEMA 14-50 32 Universal Mobile Connector (UMC) which comes with your car.
HPWC Wall connector S, X - 48 A; 3LR - 40 A; 3 std - 32 A Includes Cable
Wall connector    

On-board charger (OBC)
Model Max Amps
OBC ‡
MPH* Range Time to Charge
NEMA
14-50
Wall Connector
Model S 75 kWh battery pack 48 A 34 250 mi 11 hrs 7 hrs
Model S 100 kWh battery pack 48 A 34 335 mi 15 hrs 10 hrs
Model 3 std 50 kWh 32 A 30 220 mi 7 hrs 7 hrs
Model 3 long range 75 kWh 40 A† 37† 310 mi 10 hrs 8 hrs
* MPH - Miles per hour of charging
† with Gen 1 Mobile Connector or the optional Corded Mobile Connector with a fixed 14-50 cable from Tesla (cars ship with Gen 2 MC, which is limited to 32 amps and 30 mrph)

‡ - With the NEMA 14-50 wall outlet charging amps is limited to 32 A by the Corded Mobile Connector.

Note: Tap the lightning bolt icon on the touchscreen to view the max amperage of your vehicle.

See Tesla Model 3 Home Charging Guide | TeslaTap.com

Model Onboard Charger Recommended circuit breaker
for installation
Model S (Performance, Long Range)
Model X (Performance, Long Range)
Model 3 (Performance, Long Range)
11.5 kW
(48 amp)
60 amp circuit breaker
Model 3 Standard Range Plus 7.7 kW
(32 amp)
40 amp circuit breaker
Two or more Wall Connectors
(for power-sharing among 2+ Tesla vehicles)
N/A 100 amp circuit breaker

Note: Tap the lightning bolt icon on the touchscreen to view the max amperage of your vehicle.
Source: Wall Connector | Tesla

An easy rule of thumb for Model 3 is for every amp at 240V, you get about 1mi/h of charging (assuming moderate temps).
See Wire Sizes (AWG)
International Standard for Electric Vehicle charging - IEC 62196-2 type 2 EU EV
Type 2 connector - Wikipedia

Model Recommended circuit breaker
for maximum charge rate
Model S 75D, 100D, P100D
Model X 75D, 100D, P100D
Model 3 Long Range
60 amp circuit breaker
Model 3 Mid Range
Model 3 Standard Range
40 amp circuit breaker
Multiple Tesla cars with 2+ Wall Connectors
installed for power sharing
100 amp circuit breaker
Source breaker-table Wall Connector | Tesla
See other breaker options below.

Corded Mobile Connector $520
Model S/X/3 Wall Connector $500

The Wall Charger ($500 plus abt. $500 labor) comes with a cable so all you have to do is plug it into your tesla.

There are 3rd party Charging Stations:
e.g. Amazon.com: JuiceBox Pro 40 Smart Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station with WiFi - 40 amp Level 2 EVSE, 24-foot cable, NEMA 14-50 plug, UL and Energy Star Certified, Indoor / Outdoor Use 2 cables. $900


Costs:
Type Max Amps Cost
Hardware Labor
NEMA 14-50 32
Wall connector 32 - 48
Depending on model

A NEMA 14-50 wall outlet which will work with the Universal Mobile Connector.
A Wall Connector with its own cable. Which is required to get 48 Amps.

A dedicated 60 amp 240 volt circuit is recommended for the S, X and 3 long-range.
A 40 amp 240 volt circuit is OK for the standard model 3.

60 amps requires AWG 6/4 cable - $2.80/ft, - $85 for 30 ft
40 amps requires AWG 8/4 cable - $1.84/ft - $55 for 30 ft
NEMA 14-50 wall outlet $10

Tesla Circuit Breaker Table Note: This has a cable which will only charge Tesla's
Tesla Wall Connector
Technical details
Charge speed
Miles of range per hour of charge
Circuit breaker
(amps)
Maximum output
(amps)
Power at 240 volts
(kilowatt)
Model 3
(mph)
Model S
(mph)
Model X
(mph)
100 80 19.2 kW 44 34 30
90 72 17.3 kW 44 34 30
80 64 15.4 kW 44 34 30
70 56 13.4 kW 44 34 30
60 48 11.5 kW 44 34 30
50 40 9.6 kW 37 29 25
45 36 8.6 kW 34 26 23
40 32 7.7 kW 30 23 20
35 28 6.7 kW 26 20 17
30 24 5.7 kW 22 17 14
25 20 4.8 kW 19 14 11
20 16 3.8 kW 15 11 8
15 12 2.8 kW 11 7 5
Source Wall Connector | Tesla

Note: Los Angeles code requires 100 Amp for a wall charger.

The second generation UMC is 32A, and is sold with all Teslas now. So even though the cars can accept up to 48A, the only way to get that would be higher-amperage J1772 EVSEs (plus Tesla adapter), or the Tesla Wall Connectors.

Some recommend limiting charging to 40 A to avoid heating up the components, which they claim shortens the life of electronics, metal solder joints, ...

Terms in electric vehicle charging:


It is important to know that Superchargers work in pairs, and are marked as A and B. Up to 145kW are shared between these two chargers. This capacity is distributed on a “first come first serve” basis. This means that if you plug in to charger 1A while 1B is already taken, you get whatever power the other charger isn’t using.

Reasons for speed differences when Supercharging:

Source: Charging your Tesla - Thomas Bensmann

Other Public Charging Stations:
   
Terms:
UMC - Universal Mobile Connector 32A
Corded Mobile Connector with a 14-50 plug for 40A charging -
 Interchangable NEMA 14-50 and standard 120 V plug.
  May be the same as UMC Gen 1
EVSE  Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment - Use J1772 plug
    commonly called a charging station or charging dock.
J1772 (SAE) - J Plug - North American standard for electrical connectors for electric vehicles
NEMA - National Electrical Manufacturer Association
SAE  Society of Automotive Engineers
CCS Combined Charging System SAE Level 3
HPWC - High Power Wall Connector

Links:
Charging your Tesla - Thomas Bensmann
For Tesla End-To-End Charging, There's Supercharging & Destination Charging. For Everything Else, There's The Mobile Connector — Part I | CleanTechnica Part II
Tesla Model 3 Home AC Charging Overview - youtube - Living Tesla
Electric Vehicle Charging
Best Home Chargers For Your Money
Home Charging Installation | Tesla
A look at Tesla Model 3 charging options - Electrek
Tesla Charging: The Complete Guide to Charging at Home, in Public and Autonomously | Plugless Power
Tesla Model 3 Home Charging Guide | TeslaTap

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